广东省生态公益林生态环境价值计量及评估

2001年至2003年,在湛江、江门、东莞、广州、汕头、韶关等地设点对广东省生态公益林的森林涵养水源效益、森林水土保持效益、森林改善小气候效益、森林吸收二氧化碳效益、森林净化大气效益、森林游憩资源效益和森林野生生物保护效益等7种效益进行计量与评价.结果表明:7种生态效益价值的总值为736.843 6×108(元·a-1),占2003年全省生产总值的5.47%;生态效益价值依大小顺序为:净化大气效益472.590 7×108(元·hm-2a-1),占64.14%;涵养水源效益127.450 6×108(元·hm-2a-1),占 17.30%;水土保持效益72.830 0×108(元·hm-2a-1),占9.88%;改善小气候效益33.077 8×108(元·hm-2a-1),占4.49%;森林游憩资源效益16.559 2×108(元·hm-2a-1),占2.25%;吸收二氧化碳效益10.526 7×108(元·hm-2a-1),占1.43%;保护野生生物效益 3.808 6×108(元·hm-2a-1),占0.52%.平均生态效益价值为21 358.82(元·hm-2a-1),表现出较高的效益.     

淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材化学性质的影响

通过研究淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材化学性质的影响 ,以期全面了解滩地主要造林树种的化学性质 ,提出合理的定向培育技术及进一步综合利用措施 .研究结果表明 :滩地枫杨木材的 p H值均小于 6.5 ,属于酸性木材 ,第一、二组木材的 p H值分别为 5 .41和 5 .0 0 ,在 0 .0 5水平上差异显著 .除碱性缓冲容量外 ,第二组木材的酸性缓冲容量、总缓冲容量以及每降低 1p H值消耗的 HC1量均比第一组高 .淹水程度对滩地枫杨木材纤素含量几乎无影响 ,其值均为 45 .2 %左右 ;但第一、二组的半纤维素分别为 14 .0 4%和19.5 0 % ,增加了 3 8.9% ;第一、二组的木质素含量分别为 19.9%和 2 0 .6% ,增加了 3 .5 % .     

广东竹类半翅目昆虫

本文记录了广东及海南岛在竹类所采得的半翅目昆虫,其中蝽科(Pentatomidae)17种及缘蝽科(Coreidae)9种,以名录报导之。     

陕北地区节水抗旱造林实用技术的探讨

针对陕北地区干旱少雨的实际情况,作者以高效集水和科学用水为指导思想,归纳了集水整地、蓄水保墒和抗旱栽植等实用技术,期望为提高干旱半干旱地区造林效果提供有益参考。     

帽儿山地区金龟类访花甲虫的调查分析

通过对黑龙江帽儿山地区金龟类访花甲虫种类的初步调查,结果表明,访花金龟共有15种,其中花金龟科有7种(46.67%),丽金龟科5种(33.33%),斑金龟科2种(13.33%),鳃金龟科1种(6.67%);优势种3种:短毛花金龟、小青花金龟和白星花金龟。金龟类访花优势种,主要访问的植物种类有:珍珠梅、深山唐松草、柳叶绣线菊、鸡树条荚蒾、蚊子草等。并对金龟类访花甲虫对花的选择特征进行了总结。     

福建省竹业现状、问题和发展对策

本文论述了福建省竹业的现状、存在问题，并提出了今后竹业发展的指导思想和对策。     

Forest recovery after clear-cutting in Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis) plantations of North China

In Hebei Province of North China, forest was recovered with natural recruitment in plantations with large area of clear-cutting Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis). This study was aimed to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of recruits during the natural recruitment. Both plot survey and the spatial point-pattern analysis were performed. Five developmental stages of natural recruitment were selected and studied, including 1 year before and 2, 5, 8, and 11 years after clear-cutting. Different slope aspects were also included. Natural recruitment was always dominated by Chinese pine with a proportion of higher than 90%. For plots of 1 year before clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, recruit densities were 7886 and 5036 stems/hm2, the average heights were 0.78(±0.85) and 1.06(±1.15) m, and the average diameters at breast height(DBH) were 3.21(±1.38) and 2.91(±1.38) cm, respectively. After clear-cutting, recruit density was initially increased, then it was gradually declined with time; however, the variation of average DBH was contrary to that of recruit density. Both of them were no longer varied between 8 and 11 years after clear-cutting. The average height of recruits continued to increase after clear-cutting. For the plots of 11 years after clear-cutting on east-and north-facing slopes, average heights of recruits reached 2.00(±1.14) and 2.24(±1.20) m, respectively. The statuses of recruits on north-facing slopes were better than those on east-facing slopes after clear-cutting. Meanwhile, recruits on east-facing slopes were always aggregated at small scales, while spatial pattern of recruits varied with time on north-facing slopes. Moreover, forest was recovered more quickly by natural recruitment than by artificial afforestation after clear-cutting. The structural diversity was higher in naturally regenerated forests than in plantations of the same age. Our results demonstrated that clear-cutting of Chinese pine plantations recovered by natural recruitment has the potential to be an effective approach for establishing multifunctional forest.     

陕西省乡村旅游可持续发展的适应性管理研究

以陕西省10市1区乡村旅游发展目的地为对象,以旅游地生命周期理论、适应性管理理论、可持续发展理论为指导,以陕西省各市、区及不同人文自然条件区域为空间分布单元展开实地调研,架构了各市及不同人文自然条件区域的适应性管理框架,以推动陕西省乡村旅游全面、健康、持续发展。     

黄河干流陕西段鱼类种类组成及群落多样性

为了解黄河陕西段鱼类种类组成及群落结构,2013-2015年调查了黄河陕西段鱼类资源。结果显示:黄河陕西段有鱼类7目15科58种,其中鲤科鱼类最多为36种,占总种类数的61.1%,较20世纪80年代减少了6种。优势种有4种,数量占渔获物总数量50.3%,生物量占65.8%。分析渔获物组成和群落多样性,黄河陕西段鱼类年龄、个体规格小型化趋势明显,不同河段鱼类群落存在明显空间差异,府谷段多样性指数最高,群落结构稳定,港口段丰富度指数最高,资源种类较多,港口和壶口的鱼类群落结构没有相似性。     

山东省生猪生产格局及其影响因素的实证分析

依据《山东统计年鉴》(1981—2012)中的相关统计数据,阐述了20世纪80年代以来山东省生猪生产格局变化的历史进程;在理论分析生猪生产格局影响因素的基础上,应用面板数据模型实证分析山东省生猪生产格局的影响因素。结果表明:1982年以来山东省生猪生产格局经历了从"√"型格局到"⌒"状格局再到"·—S"格局的变化过程;上一年生猪生产格局指数、消费者市场潜力、政策扶持和畜牧业比较优势对生猪生产格局变化有显著正影响,非农就业机会有显著负影响,且上一年生猪生产格局指数的影响程度明显高于其余4个因素。